Views: 58 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-07-04 Origin: Site
Selecting the most suitable PV energy storage system (ESS) requires knowledge regarding different system situations, integration complexities, and optimal controlling approaches. The energy storage requires expansion in the energy industry to help manage the fluctuations and instability of solar and wind energy. Here is a step by step guide on how to undertake a proper selection and incorporation process of PV energy storage systems.
- Definition: This scenario is carry out by connecting both the photovoltaic and the energy storage system at the AC side.
- Applications: Suitable for large-scale optical storage power stations where the energy storage system layout is relatively concentrated.
- Advantages: This reduces the operational, management and dispatch complexities as far as the power grid is concerned.
- Connection Points: This can plugged to the LV side or to a 10 kV ~ 35 kV building power bus.
- Benefits: More user friendly and easier to maintain, enhanced grid dispatching.
- Definition: For this configuration, the energy storage system is connected on the DC side of the interface between small power consumers and the distribution grid.
- Applications: Appropriate for some applications where reducing power conversion losses and the costs of the hardware devices are of high importance.
- Advantages: Less number of power conversion links, smaller amount of energy lost, and minimum investment in equipment.
- Requirements: The structural design of the solar inverter must have an option for energy storage.
- Benefits: Less heat loss, increased thermal efficiency of components, improved economic efficiency, and, possibly, reduced costs.
- Complex Integration: The realisation of the safe and stable operation of PV systems, ESS and the power grid also poses certain technological hurdles.
- Hardware and Software Compatibility: Interconnectivity of diverse gadgets from different vendors requires addressing compatibility questions at the physical and protocol levels.
- System-Level Barriers: Expanding the definitions of system interfaces to enable profound integration across the system.
- Protocol and Interface Familiarity: Integrators have to be familiar with several communication channels and ports, thus integration becomes more challenging.
- Limited Enterprises: The requirement of optical storage system integration capabilities is highly specialized, and only a handful of firms meet the condition.
- Technological Convergence: The energy storage industry is still quite young that many companies focus on specific segments of the industry such as solar inverters or energy storage batteries.
- Bid Price Issues: Energizer prices remain competitive today because intense competition has pushed bid prices in ESS lower than the recognized cost prices within the energy storage systems industry.
- Example: In this age the bid prices have reached a significantly low level of 2.15 yuan/Wh it has further reduced to 1.699 yuan/Wh and hence putting pressure on companies to cut costs.
- Lack of Unified Standards: This leads to uncertainty to both cost and design standards because different scenarios require different designs of ESS.
- Safety Management: For safety to be achieved at the DC side, the management of battery systems plays a key role. This comprises total protection scheme designs for the systems under their umbrella to provide real time monitoring and fault early warning.
- Temperature Control: Temperature control systems in energy storage facilities need to be well designed to avoid extreme temperatures and damage to the batteries as well as increased operation risks.
This paper focuses on the role of EMS (Energy Management System)
- Definition: EMS can also be viewed as an intelligent control center of the optical storage plant responsible for controlling and coordinating PV systems, ESS, and power grids.
- Functions:
- Integration Management: Manages the integration of the PV systems with ESS in order to charge and discharge the system without compromising on safety.
- Output Smoothing: Constant feedback of the PV output forecast data and energy storage proactive action to address instabilities minimize grid fluctuations.
- Multi-Energy Digital Management: Coordinates generation, transmission, and distribution with total efficiency across the multiple forms of energy.
- Example: The advanced EMS can control the smoothness for PV output so that the fast control for charging and discharging to keep the stable power output of the system.
Operational Efficiency
- System Dispatching: Practical implementation of battery and converter management strategies during dispatching increases safety and efficiency of power plant.
- Communication and Protection: Maintaining a fast connection between BMS, PCS, and EMS proved effective for system safety and efficiency enhancement.
- Real-Time Monitoring: Innovative practices that involve the constant supervision of programs and processes, and or timely warning signs help avoid situations where minor problems grow into large concerns.
Successfully integrating PV energy storage systems and achieving optimal performance requires addressing the following:
1. System Selection: Decide whether to use AC-side coupling or DC-side coupling depending on the requirement of the particular application or the preferred way of working.
2. Technology Integration: Introduce integration strategies for the target system to run smoothly and at the same time it delivers improved performance.
3. Cost Management: Manage effectively the current and potential challengers while striving to give the best on the value delivery and satisfying the regulatory requirements for quality and safety.
4. Operational Efficiency: Implement large and powerful EMS systems to run the whole system strong and secure, as well as maximize all benefits.
By addressing all these issues, one can be in a position to integrate PV and energy storage systems, address convergence issues and realise the outcomes regarding the utilisation of energy and stability as intended. These activities would not only pave the way for stabilising energy storage from an additional feature to an indispensable part of the energy market.
