Views: 35 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-01-24 Origin: Site
This article discusses the significance and characteristics of five key photovoltaic cell technologies: We examine PERC, TOPCon, HJT/HIT, BC, and perovskite cells to explain their solar energy sector effectiveness and state-of-the-art features.
How batteries work in solar power affects both energy creation and production expenses in PV systems.
Research developments demonstrate that PERC cells, TOPCon cells, HJT cells, BC cells, and perovskite cells will become increasingly important in the future. A battery technology type brings unique features that companies can use for market revenue growth.
PERC cells belong to the P-type cell family with their high conversion rate. Their production steps run more efficiently than other cells which helps them control costs well. They mainly produce batteries using Back Surface Field (BSF) and PERC technology routes.
PERC cells produced at large scale achieve 23.5% energy conversion while standing near 24.5% the maximum technical output.
These cells create their core technology through thin-film deposition in PECVD and ALD machines to generate passivation films. Meyer Burger and Jolywood lead the way in this industry speciality.
PERC Cells
The TOPCon cell design reaches higher efficiency levels by placing thin silicon oxide and polycrystalline silicon films on the rear N-type silicon wafer to form effective passivation that supports better voltage output.
According to research TOPCon cells deliver more than 24% of their expected energy output before hitting a maximum efficiency rate of 28.7%.
The solar industry uses several advanced technologies to boost efficiency including dual implantations and laser-assisted sintering techniques. The combination of 0BB technology with double-sided poly and TBC plus perovskite tandem layers will lift TOPCon cell performance. Experts predict these advanced features will give N-type photovoltaic cells 56% market dominance by 2030.
JinkoSolar launched its Tiger Neo module with TOPCon N-type technology for higher energy generation performance.
Sanyo's Japan team introduced HIT technology for solar cells back in 1990. Its high efficiency and distinctive formation made people pay attention to HIT but owners of 'HIT' trademark forced them to use HJT or SHJ to name these cells. Using amorphous deposition technology HJT creates a heterojunction passivation layer to boost both open-circuit voltage and conversion efficiency on N-type silicon wafers.
HJT cells show standard production output of 24.53% and achieve laboratory testing success at 29.52%.
These cells produce strong voltage at open circuits while enduring minimal power losses and heat changes. The symmetrical design lets them run thinner and pull energy from both sides. HJT cells also make production easier than planar alternatives. The thin-film deposition method of HJT cells shows strong potential for integration with IBC and perovskite cells yet faces commercialization challenges due to expensive production equipment and technical barriers.
HJT/HIT Cells
BC (Back Contact) technology shows its effectiveness when combined with PERC, TOPCon, and HJT technologies to make solar cells work better. By connecting TOPCon technology directly with BC cells engineers create TBC cells while HBC cells emerge from TOPCon and HJT integration.
Back Contact technology delivers 29.1% theoretical efficiency giving it powerful photovoltaic application potential.
Over five to six years BC cells will take over TOPCon cells in silicon cell production although engineers need extensive training to make these products now. The BC cell technology employed by Astronergy and LONGi Green Energy leads their products to rank higher in global PV component rankings thanks to their enhanced efficiency.
The third-generation thin-film technology relies on perovskite materials to power photovoltaic cells which developers see as the best way forward to future solar energy products. Photovoltaic technology uses single-junction and stacked designs which enable high energy conversion rates while staying affordable lightweight and adaptable.
Researchers continue to develop perovskite cell technology for commercial applications. They have achieved 26.1% efficiency in theoretical tests and could generate 44% output in complete tandem perovskite structures.
Using their own research LONGi Green Energy created silicon-perovskite tandem cells that reached 33.9% efficiency becoming the best worldwide performer for this technology.
Perovskite Cells
